Changeable exhibitor.



E. 0. BABCOCK.

GHANGBABLE EXHIBITOR.

unicum! rmzn Aue 2o. ma.

Patented Nov. 8, 1914.

3 BHBBTB-SHEET1.

n/cn Q forrgej-.

E. 0. BABCOGK.

OBANGEABLE EXHIBITOR.

APPLmA'rIoN FILED Aue zo, ma.

l ,1 l 5 ,884. Patented Nov. 3, 1914,

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

B. 0. BABGOGK.

OHANGBABLE EXHIBITOR.

Arrmoumu FILED Aue 2o, ma.

Patented Nov. 3, 191.4.

EDWARD O. BABCOCK, 0F NIAGARA FALLS, NEW YORK.

OHANGEABLE EXHIBITOR.

Speelaoation of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 3, 1914.

Application 1tiled August 20, 1913. Serial No. 785,689.

To all whom, it may concern.'

Be it known that I, EDWARD a citizen of the United States, residing at Niagara Falls, in the county of Niagara and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Changeable Exhibitors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to changeable exhibitors of the type adapted to display a series of street or station designations s uccessively, or to exhibit a series of advertlsements or other announcements.

In accordance with the' invention the street or station designations or advertisements are marked upon a flexible band which is moved intermittently i to exhibit the successive naines.

The present invention com rises improved mechanism for intermittent moving such a band and for reversin tie directionof its travel so as to disp ay the successive names in reverse order.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a front sectional elevationo an a paratus embodying a preferred form of tie invention, the front runiof the name band and the guide rollers therefor being omitted in this figure for the sake of clearness. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the apparatus on a small scale. Fi 3 is a transverse vertical section on line III-III, Fig. l. Fig. 4 is a similar section on line IV--IV of ig. l. Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 8, parts being omitted and the cross head being moved to its extreme lower position. Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 3the uide bar being swun Y to the osition whic it occupies when t e name and is being driven in the reverse direction. Fig. 7 is a longitudinal vertical section through the guide bar, cross head and supporting devices for the uide bar. Fi 8 is an elevation of the ever for swinging the guide bar. Fig. 9 is a vertical longitudinal section through the clutches and a portion of the driving drum. Fig. 10 is a section through one of the clutches on line X-X ofFi 9. Fig. 11 is a horizontal section on line I--XI of Fig. 3, partsbeiiig omitted for the sake of clearness. Fi 12 Ais a lvertical section through the end o one of the clutch operating Stra s and the guide therefor, showing one of t ie cross head horns in engagement therewith.

Fig. 18l is a view similar to Fig. 10, showing .another position ofthe ratchet tootlil.

Referring to the drawings in detail, l des O. B.\coo1t,l ignates a suitable casino in the front of which is a window 2 through which the street names or advertisements are displayed. The names or advertisements are marked on a band 3 which passes behind this window. The band may be endless or not, as desired. As shown, the band is not endless but is wound at one end upon a spool 4 and at the other end upon a spool 5. The spools -l and 5 have bearings at their ends journulcd in the end walls of the casing or otherwise suitably sup orted. Also journaled in the end walls ot the easing, or otherwise suitably supported, is a drive shaft (i on which is mounted a drive drum 7. The hand 8 passes lfrom the spool 4 over a guide roller 8, down in front of the window Q, over a guide roller 9, then over the drive drum T and to the spool 5. The spools i and 5 act alternately as supply and take-np spools, the direction of movement of the baud being controlled by the movement of the drum T, which may be intermittently rotated in either direction.

' The means for intermittently rotating the drum comprise a pair of clutches 10 and l1 mounted on the drive shaft G. Each of these clutches comprises a member 12 fixed to the drive shaft in any suitable manner, as by means of a set screw 13, each of these meinbers including a hub 14 having in it one or more notches 15. As shown, the hub is provided with two notches, the clutch being dcsigned to rotate the drum through one-halt a revolution cach time it o )crates The notches 15 have a substantially radial wall 16 and a wall 1T approximately at right angles thereto which may be designated, for convenience, the tangent wall. Iuach of the members 12 has a flange 18 thereon, an annular recess beinr formed between these flanges around the drab portions l-i of the members 12. In this annular recess are mounted a pair of movable clutch disks 1S), one for each clutch. Slitlubly mounted in a recess in each of these clutch disks is a bolt 20 having a tooth 21 thereon adapted to engage in one of the notches 15. rl`he vertical face of the tooth is adapted to engage the radial face 16 of the notch while the side of the bolt engages the tangent face 1T of the notch. A springll attached to thc disk engages a in 23 in the projecting end of the bolt an tends at all times to lift this end of the bolt away from the clutch disk, that lOt lOl

is, the spring," 22 tends to draw the vertical shoulder of the tooth-21 into engagement with the radial wall 16 of the notch 15.

When the clutch disk is rotated in the di- 'rection of the arrow in Fig. 10, the side of the 'toothed bolt iengages the tangent wall of the notch 15, causing the clutc i-disk to carry with it the hub member 14, the drive -the radial wall 16 of the notch 1,s1idin the bolt in its recess against the force; o the s ring 22 and permitting the clutch disk to s ide freely around the hub and'drive shaft. Thus the oscillation or partial rotation in op osite directions of the clutch disk will drive the drive shaft intermittently in one direction.

For producing oscillatory rotation of the clutch disks, each of the latter has fixed to it one end of one of a pair of iexible bands or stra s 25, the other ends of which are adapte( to be connected with a reci rocating cross head 26. Onl one of the c utches is used in driving the rive shaft and drum in one direction, the second clutch being provided for driving the drum in the reverse direction. Means are accordingly provvided for connecting the cross head with only one of the straps at a time. For this purpose each of the straps has a lug 27 f orined on its lower end, the end of the strap and luc' being perforated, as indicated at 2b (see Fig. 12). Guides Q9 are provided for the straps, these guides having pockets 30 therein to receive the lugs 27, the walls of the pockets bein notched as indicated at :51, to permit the iorns of the cross head to enter and leave the pockets. The cross head 26 is provided oneach side with a horn or hook 3'2 which is adapted to pass through the hole in the end of one of the straps and thus connect the cross head to such strap.

The cross head is slidably mounted upon af guide bar which is movably supported in such manner that the cross head may be shifted between the strap guides in order to co'nnect it with either of the straps, as desired. When the cross head is disconnected from a strap, the end of such strap is drawn up snugly into the pocket 30, whereit is held by ythe action of a spiral spring 36 mounted in recesses in the two clutch disks 19`,"the ends of the spring-being connected to the two disks 'and tending to rotate them in such away as to wind up the two straps 25. When the ends of the'straps are held 1i. the pockets 30 it will be seen that one of the horns of the cross head may be engaged with the opening 28 inthe end of either strap bylimpiy'- shifting are guide im as mi 'cross' head from one side to'tlie"other.'

Fi'ggti "shows 'the -cross .head connected to one of the straps, while Figs. 3 and 5 show it connected to the other strap, Fig. 5 showing the cross head and strap pulled down so as to rotate the clutch disk and turn the shaft and drum through a. --half revolution. In order to prevent one clutch from interfering with the rotation of the drive shaft by the other clutch, the guide bar 35 is provided with a pair of cams or wedges 40 on its upper end, one of which is adapted to engage with the end of the toothed bolt 20 of the inoperative clutch for either position of the uide bar and push such toothed bolt into t e clutch so'as to hold the tooth 21 out of engagement with the notches in the hub of the clutch. The osition in which the toothed bolt is hold y the cam 40 is approximately that shown in Fig. 13. The guide bar 35 may be supported in any suitable manner to permit of its being'shiftcd so as to engage the cross head with one or the other of the clutch straps. As sho\vn,vthe guide bar is mounted upon the end of a short shaft 41 journaled in a sleeve 42 attached to the end wall of the casing. The end of the shaft 41 projects through the casing and has secured thereon a lever 43 by which the shaft ma) be turned and the guide bar 35 shifted from one position to the other. A suitable catch may be provided to hold the guide bar in either of its positions, for example, the end of the lever 43 may carry a springressed pin 44 adapted to engage with one o a pair of sockets 45 formed in a plate 46 attached to the casing. The pin` is provided with a knob 4T by which it ma be withdrawn to permit the lever'to be shifted.

The operation of the device is accomilished by forcing the cross head 26 down rom the position shown in Figs. 3 and 6 to the ositioii shown in Fig. 5 and then permitting itto be drawn up to its initial osition.-- Any suitable means may be utiiized for this pur ose. As shown, the cross head has attache to it one end of a chain which passes over a guide roller 51, along the bottoni of the casing and out through an opening in the end wall thereof. The cross head is drawn down by simply pulling this chain. When the chain is released the cross head will be returned to its initial position by the strap 25 to which it is connected, the strap being wound u on its clutch disk through the action of t e spring 36. Each time the chain is pulled the drive drum is rotated a half revolution and a new name or advertisement is displayed through the window '2. The chain' may .be pulled by hand or by a power device, as may be desired.

In order topi-event the drum 7 from traveling more than the desired distance when rotated bythe mechanism described,

a suitable stop mechanism is preferably provided. f --l`his.iiiay be of any desired construc-A tion, but, as shown, the drive shaft 6 has a disk55 mounted thereon, thisdisk having one or more notches 56 formed in its periphery. As in the embodiment of the in-v .vention illustrated, the drum is intended to be rotated one-half a revolution each time the chain is pulled, the disk 55 is shown .as provided with two diainetrically opposite notches 56.

57 is a lever pivoted at 58 to the end wall of the casing or other suitable su port, this lever having near its outer en a detent tooth 59 adapted to engage in one or the other of the notches 56. 60 is a second lever pivoted at 6lto the end wall of casing or other supportand connected to the lever 57 by means of a connecting rod 62. The connecting rod 62 has stops 63 and 64 thereon between which is clamped the lever 57. The sto 64 is movable on the coiinectin rod andJ is forced against the lever 57 y a spring 65. The arm 66 of the lever 60 p rojects into the path of a lug 67 on the side of the cross head 26, so that when the cross head is drawn down, the 1n 67 enga es the arm 66 of the lever 60, as s iown in iig. 5, and lifts the connecting rod 62. This causes the stop 64 to lift the lever 57 and force the detent tooth 59 into enga ement with the peri hery of the disk 55. s the movement o the connecting rod 62 is greater than the movement permitted the lever 57 before the tooth 59 strikes the periphery of the disk, the rod will lift up through the hole in the lever and the stop 64 and thus compress the spring 65. The rotation of the disk 55, however, soon brings one of the notches 56 over the tooth 59 into which the tooth will at once be forced by the action of the spring 65. The rotation of the rum is thereupon arrested.

As the s ools 4 and 5 act alternately as supply an take-up spools, it is desirable to provide means for applying a brake to retard the revolution of the supply spool, so as to keep the band under proper tension, and also to provide means for rotating the take-up spool. In order to retard the motion of the spool acting as a suplplv spool, a brake lever 70 is provided w ie is pivoted at 71 to the end of the casin or other suitable support and has pivote to each end thereof a brake shoe 72. The levsr70 is connected by means of a connecting rod '73 to an arm 74 attached to the guide bar 35. Thusi-theshifting of the guide bar to4 engagev the cross headwithone or. the other ofthe clutch straps also shiftsy 6o thebrake lever'. 70 so. as tojap ly one of y the brake Jshoes72 to the spool rom which vthe name band is to be unwound.f J In order toyrotate :the spool which is to .take iup.v the name bench-the.spoolhisfconnected by suitable4 driving connections to the' drive shaft 6. Such connections preferably comprise driving belts 80 passin over the ends of the spools and over pul eys 81 on the drive shaft. The belts 80 are normally so loose as to slip on the spools without rotating them, means being provided for tightening one or the other of the belts as it is desired to drive one or the other of the spools. The means shown for tightening each belt comprises a roller 82 mounted on the end of an arm 83 pivoted to the end of the casing or other fixed support by a pivot 84. The rollers are adapted to be drawn into engagement with their belts by means of springs 85. Each of these springs is connected at one end to one of the arms 83 and at its other end, by means of a screw-threaded rod 86 or otherwise, to an abutment 87 on a movable plate 88. The tension of the springs 85 is so adjusted that when the plate is shi ted to one position, one of the springs 85 holds its arm 83 and roller 82 in contact with one of the belts 80, thus tightening that belt sufficiently to drive the corresponding spool while the other arin 83 and roller 82 are relieved from the tension of the other spring 85, so as to permit the second belt 8O to slide loosely upon its spool. Fig. 4 shows the plate 88 in full lines in position to tighten the belt for driving the spool 4, w iile in dotted lines is indicated the position of the plate for tightening the driving belt for s ool 5. For shifting the plate 88 any suita le means may be provided, these means preferably having an operative connection with the devices for shifting the guide bar 35. As shown, the plate is shifted by means of a lever 89 ivoted at 90 to a fixed support, the end of t e lever opposite to that connected to the plate having a ivotal connection with the arm 91 of the ever 74, which, as before stated, is connected to move with the uide bar.

The operation of the evice is as follows: fl`hc band bearing the inscriptions which it is desired to exhibit is wound on one ot' the spools and carried over the drivin druin and guide rollers to the other spoo The lever 43 is then set in such position as to tension the belt on the take-u spool and a ply the brake to the supply spool. The saine movement of the lever 43 shifts the v guide bar 85 into position to cause one of the cams onv itsend to hold the toothed bolt of pne of the clutches on the driving shaft in inoperative position `and to'cause one of the horns on i the cross head 26 to pass through the hole -in the end of the strap on the other clutch. The chain 50 is then pulled, drawing down the cross head and ro-` tatingthe clutch, which in turn rotates the main shaft and the drive drum and advances thelv name band. When the cross head has nearly reached its lowest position the lue "67 on it strikes the lever 60 and lifts the debtent tooth into engagement with the detent disk 55. When the drive drum 7 has advanced the name band a proper distance, one of the notches 56 in the detent disk comes oppositeto the detent tooth and the latter snaps into the notch and stops the disk andy drum. The chain 50 is then released, whereupon the cross head will be raised to its imtial position by the pull exerted by the stra i which is wound upon its clutch disk by tie spring 3G. The name band remains stationary until the chain 50 isagain pulled, when it is advanced a predetermined distance to expose the next inscription thereon. Any number of inscriptions may be thus successively exhibited, de-

)ending only upon the length of the band. Vhen it is esired to reverse the apparatus so as to expose the inscriptions in the reverse order, the lever 43 is shifted, thus disconnecting the cross head from the first clutch strap and connecting it with the other strap, and releasing the toothed bolt of the second clutch and moving the bolt of the first clutch to inoperative position. At the same time the tension of the driving belts for the two spools is changed and the brake released from one spool and applied to the other. Pulling of the chain 50 will now cause the name band to advance intermittently in the opposite direction. T hus the throwing of t e lever 43 makes all the changes necessary to cause the apparatus to work satisfactorily in either direction.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a changeable exhibitor, the combination of a name band, a driving drum therefor, means for rotatin said drum including a reciproeatory mem er, a guide bar on which said member is slidably mounted, said guide bar being adapted to occupy either of two positions to cause the reciproeatory member to turn said drum in one or the other direction, spools upon which said name band is wound, means adapted to drive said spools from said drum, and means controlled by the position, of said guide bar for causing the driving means to turn either one of said spools.

2. In a changeable exhibitor, the combination of a name band, a driving drum therefor, means for rotatin said drum including a reci rocatory mem er, a guide bar ori-which said) member is slidably mounted, said guide bar being adapted to occupy either of two positions to cause the reciproeatory member to turn said drum in one or the -other direction, spools upon which said name band is wound, means adapted to drive said s ools from said drum, brakes for said spoo s,lmcans controlledbythe positon of saidrguide bar for causing the driving Imeans to turn either one of saidspools,

bar on which said member is sli and means controlled by the-position of thev lguide bar to apply the brakesto the other spool. v

3. In a changeable exhibitor, the combination of a name band, a driving drum therefor, means for rotatingsaid drum including a reciproeatory member, a uigflle a y mounted, said ide bar being adapted to occupy either o two positions to cause the reciproeatory member to turn said drum in one or the other direction, spools upon which said name band is wound, belts loosely connecting said spools and said drum, and means controlled by the position of said guide bar to tighten either of said belts for driving either one of the spools.

4. In a changeable exhibitor, the combination of a name band, a driving drum therefor, means for rotating said drum including a reciproeatory member, a guide bar on which said member is slidably mounted, said guide bar being adapted to occupy either of two positions to cause the reciprocatory member to turn said drum in one or the other direction, spools upon which said name band is wound, belts loosely connecting said spools and said drum, brakes for said spools, means controlled by the position of said guide bar to tighten either of said belts for driving either one of said spools, and means controlled by the position of said guide bar to apply the brakes to the other spool.

5. In a changeable exhibitor, the combination of a name band, a driving drain therefor, means for rotating said drum including a reciproeatory member, a guide bar on which said member is slidably mounted, said guide bar being adapted to occupy either of two positions to cause the reciproeatory member to turn said drum in f one or the other direction, spools upon which said name band is wound brakes for said s ools, and means controlled by said guide liar to apply the brakes to one of said spools when the guide bar is in one position and to apply the brakes to the other spool when the guide bar is in the other position.

(i. In a. changeable exhibitor, the combination of a name band, a driving drum over which said band passes, means for rotating said drum in either direction. spools upon which said band is wound, belts which irnpart rotary motion from said drum to said spools, one of said belts passing around each of said spools, and means for tensioning the belt passing around the spool acting as a take-u spool, and releasin the tension from the elt passing aroun the other s lool, for either direction of movement of the driving drum.

7. ln a changeable exhibitor. thefcombi nation of a' name band, a drivinfdrum,

means for rotating said drum .in either d1- I, rection, spoolsuponfwhich.said nameband is wound,belts,for Aim arting rotarv motion Yfrom said drivingA rum to sai spools, 'said belts beine' normally loose enough to sli v lwithout driving .said spools, movab e tensioning devices` adapted to tension said belts to cause the same'to drive said spools, springs lconnected to said tensioning devices, and a movable member to which said springs are connected, said member when moved in one direction tensioning one of said s rings and releasing the tension on the ot ier spring, and vice versa.

S. In a changeable exhibitor, the combination of a name band, reversible driving means therefor including straps and a de vice adapted to engage either of said straps for actuatin said driving means in different directions, spools upon which said band is wound, a brake lever having a brake at each end, one of said brakes -being adapted to contact with one of said spools when the other brake is out of contact with the other spool, and vice versa, and means for throwing said lever to release the brake` from one spool and apply the brake to the other spool when the strap engaging device is moved from-a position to engage one of the straps to a position to engage the other strap. i 9. In a changeable-exhibitor, the combiation of a naine band, a driving drum therefor, and means for rotating said drum intermittently comprising a clutch, a strap winding on said clutch, a guide bar, a cross head sliding on said guide bar and engaging said strap, a flexible'connector attached to said cross 'head for drawin away from said clutch and unwinding said strap therefrom, and means for returning said cross head to its initial position.

10. In a changeable exhibitor, the combination of a naine band, a driving drum therefor, and vmeans for rotating said drum intermittently comprising a clutch, a strap winding on said clutch, a guide bar, e cross head sliding on said guide bar, means for drawing said cross head away from said clutch to unwind the strap therefrom, and a spring for rotating said clutch. to rewind the strap and draw said cross head to its initial position.

11. In a changeable exhibitorz the combination ofi a name band, a drivin drum therefor, and means for rotating said drum intermittently in either direction comprising a pair of clutches mounted on the drum shaft, straps wound on said clutches in opposite directions, a cross head adapted to be engaged with one or the other of said straps, and means for reciprocating said cross head.V

12. In a changeable exhibitor. the combination of a 'name band, a driving drum the same therefor, means for rotating said drum -intermittently in either direction comprising a pair of clutches mounted on the .drum shaft, straps wound on said clutchesin opposite directions, a movable guide bar, a cross head on said guide bar, means for shifting said guide bar to engage said cross head with one or the other of said straps, and means for reciprocating said cross head.

13. In a changeable exhibitor, the combination of a name band, a driving drum therefor, means for rotating said drum intermittently in either direction comprising a pair of clutches mounted on the drum shaft, straps wound on said clutches in opposite directions, a movable guide bai', a cross head on said guide bar, means for shifting said guide bar to engage said cross head with one or the other of said straps, nieansfor reciprocating said cross head, and means on the guide bar for disconnecting one or the other of said clutches from driving engagement with the shaft of said driving drinn.

14. In a changeable exhibitor, the combination of a name band, a driving drum therefor, means for rotating said drum intermittently in either direction, said means includingr a pair of clutches mounted on the shaft of said driving drum. each of said clutches having a bolt adapted to engage a member fixed to said shaft, one of said clutches acting to drive the shaft in one direction and lone in the other direction, straps wound on said clutches in opposite directions, a movable guide bar having its end shaped to move the bolt of one of said clutches to inoperative position wlien it is in one position and to release said bolt and move the bolt of the other yclutch into inoperative position when it is in its other position, a cross head mounted upon said guide bar and adapted to be engaged withone or the other'of said clutch straps depending upon the position of said guide bar, and means for vreciprocating said cross head;

15. In'a 'changeable exhibitor, the combination of a name band. a driving drum therefor, and means for rotating said driving drum intermittently .including a. clutch, a strap wound thereon, a guide for the end of said strap, a cross head having means thereon adapted to engage the end of said strap, said means being adapted to engage the end of said strap when the latter is in said guide, and means for reciprocating said cross head.

16. In a changeable exhibitor. the combination of a name band, a driving drum therefor, and means for rotating said drum intermittently in either direction, including a pair of clutches, straps wound thereon in opposite directions and having holes in their ends, guides for the ends of said straps,

a cross lhea-d movable between said guides,.

said cross head having horns projecting from opposite `sides thereof, means for shifting said 'cross head to cause one of its horns to enter'the hole in the end of'one of said straps, and means for reciprocating said cross head.'

17( In a changeable exhibitor, the combination of a name band a drivin drum therefor, spools upon which said and is wound, means I' for rotating said driving1r drum intermittently in either direction, sai means including clutches, straps wound thereon in opposite directions, a movable guide bar, a cross head mounted thereon adapted to be engaged with either of said straps, and means for reciprocating said cross head, driving devices for each of said spools, and combined means for shitting said guide bar from one of said straps and engage it with the other strap and for disconnecting the drivin means for one of said spools and throwing into operation the driving means for the other spool.

18. In a changeable exhibitor, the combination of a name band, a drivin drum therefor, spools upon which said and is wound, means for rotating said driving drum intermittently in either direction, said means including clutches, straps wound thereon in opposite directions, a movable guide bar, a cross head mounted thereon adapted to be engaged with either of said straps, and means for reciprocating said cross-head, brakes for said spools, and combined means for shifting said'guide bar to disconnect said cross head from one of said straps and connect it with the other stra and for a plying'the brake to one of said spools an removing the brake from the other s ool.

19. n'a changeable exhibitor, the combination of a name band, a drivin drum therefor, spools upon which said Eend is wound, meaxis for rotating said driving drum intermittently in either direction, said meansincluding clutches, straps wound -guide bar, a adapted' 'to' be engaged with to disengage said cross head;

thereon in opposite directions, a movable cross head mounted thereon either of said straps. and means for reciprocating said cross head, driving means and brakes for said spools, and combined means for shifting said guide bar to disengage said cross head from one of said straps and engage it with the other of said straps, for disconnecting the driving means for one of said spools and for applying the brake to said spool and for throwing into operation the driving means for the other spool and removing the brake from said spool.

20. In a changeable exhibitor, the combination of a name band, a driving drum therefor, means for intermittently rotating said drum including a clutch, a strap wound thereon, a cross head connected to said strap, means for reciprocating said cross head, a

notched disk connected with said drum, a "i".

detent tooth ada ted to en age with a notch in said disk, and means or throwing said detent tooth into engagement with said disk including a member tripped by said cross head when the latter is moved away from said clutch.

21. ,In a changeable exhibitor, the combination of a name band, a driving drum therefor, means for intermittently rotatinor said drum including a clutch, a strap woun thereon, a crosshead engaging said strap, means for reciprocating said cross head, a notched disk connected to said drum, a de` tent tooth adapted tofenter a notch in said disk, a lever on which said tooth is mounted, a second lever having an arm adapted to be engaged by a part of said cross head when the latter is moved away from said clutch, a connecting rod between said levers, and a yieldable connection between said rod and one of said levers.

Witness my hand, this 18 day of Aug ust, 1913.

EDWARD O. BABCOCK. Witnesses:

A. A. OATMAN, E. E. MANsrmLD.

Uepiu of this patent may be obtained for ave-cents each, by addressing the commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. 0." 

